Chronic administration of rosa canina hydro-alcoholic extract attenuates depressive-like behavior and recognition memory impairment in diabetic mice: a possible role of oxidative stress

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate whether chronic Rosa canina [RC] extract administration could improve recognition memory and depressive-like behavior in diabetic mice

Materials and Methods: Seventy-five male albino mice [25-30 g] were randomly divided into 5 groups [15 in each group]

A single intraperitoneal injection of 200 nng/ kg streptozotocin [STZ] was administered to the mice to induce diabetes

The control group received normal saline, and the diabetic groups received normal saline or 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg of RC extract for 28 days

The mice were weighed each week

Recognition memory and depressive-like behavior were assessed using forced swimming and novel object recognition [NOR] tests, respectively. Malondi-aldehyde [MDA] levels and total antioxidant capacity [TAG]were measured in the mouse brain homogenate to evaluate oxidative stress. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, version 22

Results: The groups receiving 250 or 500 mg/kg RC had significantly lower immobility time [159.4 +/- 4.7 and 150.1 +/- 3.1 s] compared to the sham control group [192.1 +/- 7.8 s] in the forced swimming test, and a higher discrimination index [0.39 +/- 0.02 and 0.48 +/- 0.03] was seen in diabetic animals in the NOR task compared to the sham control group [0.2 +/- 0.01]

Also, the groups receiving treatment with RC [250 and 500 mg/kg] had significantly higher TAG [0.92 +/- 0.04 and 0.96 +/- 0.05 mmol/L] and lower MDA [0.76 +/- 0.02 and 0.67 +/- 0.03 nmol/mg protein] levels in the brains in comparison to the model group. In the 3rd and 4th weeks of study, the RC-treated mice [250 and 500 mg/kg] gained more weight [31.2 +/- 0.3 and 32.4 +/- 0.3 g, and 31.3 +/- 0.2 and 33.7 +/- 0.3 g, respectively] than the diabetic group [30 +/- 0.2 and 29.6 +/- 0.3 g]

Conc/us/on:This study showed that RG attenuated impairment of recognition memory and depressive-like behavior probably through modulation of oxidative stress in an STZ model of diabetes in mouse brains

A Brief Review of Mucormycosis: Report of Five Cases.

Mucormycosis is an emerging and slowly rising fatal infectious disease in most countries. It is the third most common invasive mycosis after candidiasis and aspergillosis. Hematologic malignancies notably acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and diabetes mellitus (DM) especially when uncontrolled or there is ketoacidosis are the most common predisposing conditions. Clinical manifestations vary according to the organ involved. Based on anatomic localization, mucormycosis can be classified as one of 6 forms: Rhinocerebral, Pulmonary, Cutaneous, Gastrointestinal, Disseminated and Uncommon presentations. The mortality rate is often very high. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are the cornerstone of management. Here we report 5 cases of mucormycosis in patients admitted to Imam Reza hospital, the tertiary referral center in Northwest of Iran. We will also have a brief review of this fungal infection.